Stay safe: how to protect yourself from diphtheria and what you need to know about this dangerous disease
Diphtheria is a contagious infection that can have serious health consequences if it is not detected in time and appropriate protective measures are not taken. This disease most often manifests itself in the form of severe sore throat and is characterized by the formation of a dense gray film on the tonsils, which leads to difficulty swallowing and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, damage to the throat and airways can end in complete respiratory arrest, which is why it is so important to recognize the first signs and take the necessary measures. Of particular danger is the exotoxin produced by the diphtheria bacillus, a bacterial pathogen that enters the respiratory system and can cause severe complications. What makes diphtheria so dangerous? According to doctors from the Center for Public Health (CPH), the vulnerability affects not only the throat, but can also spread to other body systems. Exotoxin, which is registered in the blood, can affect the heart, kidneys, nervous system and cause brain swelling. Particularly dangerous is the damage to the nerve tissues that control the muscles responsible for breathing: their paralysis can lead to respiratory arrest. According to the World Health Organization, in severe forms of diphtheria, the mortality rate reaches an impressive 30%, so prevention and timely treatment play a crucial role in preventing fatal consequences. When should you get vaccinated against diphtheria? According to experts, immunization begins as early as two months of a child’s life — they are given a combined vaccine that protects against pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus. For adults, prevention is carried out every ten years, starting from the age of 16, in accordance with the National Vaccination Calendar. Vaccination for adults is carried out using the ADP-M vaccine, which provides protection against both dangerous diseases — tetanus and diphtheria. This is a free procedure within the framework of the state program, and everyone can get vaccinated by contacting their family doctor or the nearest health care facility. What to do if suspicious symptoms appear? The Central Health Center emphasizes: if signs similar to diphtheria appear, you should immediately contact a medical facility. Symptoms cannot be ignored - patients are immediately hospitalized for a full examination and diagnosis. Treatment most often includes the administration of antitoxic anti-diphtheria serum, which helps neutralize the toxin and prevents complications. Only quick and proper help can save lives. It is important to know and remember: prevention is the best protection against diphtheria. Do not neglect vaccination, timely vaccinations and consult a doctor at the first suspicious symptoms. Your safety is in your hands.